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Caring for Your Baby and Young Child, 6th Ed

Birth to Age 5

Edited by Steven P. Shelov, MD, MS, FAAP, Tanya Remer Altmann, MD, FAAP and Robert E. Hannermann, MD, FAAP
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NEW 6th edition!

This essential resource from the most respected organization on child health is the one guide pediatricians routinely recommend and parents can safely trust.

New and updated content includes:

New chapter on the effects of media and technology exposure in children

Updated Developmental Disability chapter

Updated content using the latest cutting-edge research on early brain development

Updated breastfeeding and nutrition content and policies

Obesity updates

Safety standard updates: the latest AAP recommendations, from CPR instruction and immunizations to childproofing tips and product and toy safety

Updated content dedicated to sleep and allergies (including food allergies)

Special messages for parents and stepfamilies

And much more!

SAVE up to 50% with volume discounts!*

Order 25-249 copies: Save 40%, Price each: $13.80

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  1. Page xxi
    Foreword
  2. Page xxiii
    Introduction: The Gifts of Parenthood
    1. Page xxiv
      Your Child’s Gifts to You
    2. Page xxv
      The Gifts You Give Your Child
    3. Page xxviii
      How to Make Giving a Part of Your Daily Family Life
  3. Page 1
    Part 1
    1. Page 3
      1. Preparing for a New Baby
      1. Page 4
        Giving Your Baby a Healthy Start
      2. Page 9
        Getting the Best Prenatal Care
        1. Page 10
          Nutrition
        2. Page 10
          Eating for Two
        3. Page 10
          Exercise
        4. Page 11
          Tests During Pregnancy
      3. Page 14
        Preparing for Delivery
      4. Page 17
        Choosing a Pediatrician
        1. Page 18
          A Pediatrician’s Training
        2. Page 19
          Finding a Pediatrician
      5. Page 22
        Issues to Discuss with Your Pediatrician
        1. Page 24
          When Should the Baby Leave the Hospital?
        2. Page 24
          Should the Baby Be Circumcised?
        3. Page 25
          The Importance of Breastfeeding
        4. Page 27
          Should I Store My Newborn’s Cord Blood?
      6. Page 28
        Preparing Your Home and Family for the Baby’s Arrival
        1. Page 28
          Choosing Baby Clothing and Accessories
        2. Page 29
          Buying Furniture and Baby Equipment
        3. Page 34
          Preparing Your Other Children for the Baby’s Arrival
        4. Page 38
          Finally—Delivery Day!
    2. Page 43
      2. Birth and the First Moments After
      1. Page 44
        Routine Vaginal Delivery
      2. Page 46
        Delivery by Cesarean Section
      3. Page 48
        Delivery Room Procedures Following a Normal Vaginal Birth
      4. Page 51
        Leaving the Delivery Area
      5. Page 52
        If Your Baby Is Premature
      6. Page 56
        Reflecting on Your Baby’s Arrival
    3. Page 57
      3. Basic Infant Care
      1. Page 58
        Day to Day
        1. Page 58
          Responding to Your Baby’s Cries
        2. Page 61
          Helping Your Baby Sleep
        3. Page 61
          Positioning for Sleep
        4. Page 63
          Diapers
        5. Page 67
          Urination
        6. Page 67
          Bowel Movements
        7. Page 69
          Bathing
        8. Page 72
          Skin and Nail Care
        9. Page 75
          Clothing
      2. Page 78
        Your Baby’s Basic Health Care
        1. Page 78
          Taking a Rectal Temperature
        2. Page 79
          Visiting the Pediatrician
        3. Page 81
          Immunizations
    4. Page 83
      4. Feeding Your Baby
      1. Page 85
        Breastfeeding
        1. Page 88
          Getting Started: Preparing for Lactation
        2. Page 89
          Letting Down and Latching On
        3. Page 96
          When Your Milk Supply Increases
        4. Page 100
          How Often and How Long?
        5. Page 104
          What About Bottles?
        6. Page 105
          Milk Expression and Storage
        7. Page 109
          Possible Nursing Concerns and Questions
      2. Page 115
        Bottle-Feeding
        1. Page 116
          Why Formula Instead of Cow’s Milk?
        2. Page 116
          Choosing a Formula
        3. Page 119
          Preparing, Sterilizing, and Storing Formula
        4. Page 122
          The Feeding Process
        5. Page 124
          Amount and Schedule of Formula Feedings
      3. Page 125
        Supplementation for Breastfed and Bottle-Fed Infants
        1. Page 125
          Vitamin Supplements
        2. Page 126
          Iron Supplements
        3. Page 126
          Water and Juice
        4. Page 127
          Fluoride Supplements
      4. Page 128
        Burping, Hiccups, and Spitting Up
        1. Page 128
          Burping
        2. Page 128
          Hiccups
        3. Page 128
          Spitting Up
    5. Page 133
      5. Your Baby’s First Days
      1. Page 134
        Your Newborn’s First Days
        1. Page 134
          How Your Newborn Looks
        2. Page 140
          Your Baby’s Birth Weight and Measurements
        3. Page 142
          How Your Newborn Behaves
        4. Page 143
          Going Home
      2. Page 144
        Parenting Issues
        1. Page 144
          Mother’s Feelings
        2. Page 148
          Father’s Feelings
        3. Page 149
          Sibling’s Feelings
      3. Page 150
        Health Watch
      4. Page 155
        Your Newborn’s First Physical Exams
    6. Page 157
      6. The First Month
      1. Page 157
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 157
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 159
          Reflexes
        3. Page 165
          States of Consciousness
        4. Page 166
          Crying and Colic
        5. Page 169
          The First Smile
        6. Page 169
          Movement
        7. Page 171
          Vision
        8. Page 173
          Hearing
        9. Page 174
          Smell and Touch
        10. Page 174
          Temperament
      2. Page 176
        Basic Care
        1. Page 176
          Feeding and Nutrition
        2. Page 180
          Carrying Your Baby
        3. Page 180
          Pacifiers
        4. Page 182
          Going Outside
        5. Page 183
          Finding Help at Home
        6. Page 185
          Traveling with Your Baby
      3. Page 186
        The Family
        1. Page 186
          A Special Message to Mothers
        2. Page 187
          A Special Message to Fathers
        3. Page 189
          A Special Message to Grandparents
      4. Page 192
        Health Watch
      5. Page 198
        Safety Check
        1. Page 198
          Car Safety Seats
        2. Page 198
          Bathing
        3. Page 199
          Changing Table
        4. Page 199
          Suffocation Prevention
        5. Page 199
          Fire and Burn Prevention
        6. Page 200
          Supervision
        7. Page 200
          Necklaces and Cords
        8. Page 200
          Jiggling
    7. Page 201
      7. Age One Month Through Three Months
      1. Page 202
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 202
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 203
          Movement
        3. Page 206
          Vision
        4. Page 208
          Hearing and Making Sounds
        5. Page 210
          Emotional and Social Development
      2. Page 215
        Basic Care
        1. Page 215
          Feeding
        2. Page 216
          Sleeping
        3. Page 217
          Siblings
      3. Page 219
        Health Watch
      4. Page 224
        Immunization Update
      5. Page 225
        Safety Check
        1. Page 225
          Falls
        2. Page 225
          Burns
        3. Page 225
          Choking
    8. Page 227
      8. Age Four Months Through Seven Months
      1. Page 229
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 229
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 229
          Movement
        3. Page 233
          Vision
        4. Page 235
          Language Development
        5. Page 236
          Cognitive Development
        6. Page 238
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 241
        Basic Care
        1. Page 241
          Introducing Solid Foods
        2. Page 244
          Dietary Supplements
        3. Page 245
          Sleeping
        4. Page 246
          Teething
        5. Page 246
          Swings and Playpens
      3. Page 248
        Behavior
        1. Page 248
          Discipline
        2. Page 252
          Siblings
      4. Page 253
        Health Watch
      5. Page 255
        Immunization Update
      6. Page 256
        Safety Check
        1. Page 256
          Car Safety Seats
        2. Page 256
          Drowning
        3. Page 257
          Falls
        4. Page 257
          Burns
        5. Page 257
          Choking
    9. Page 259
      9. Age Eight Months Through Twelve Months
      1. Page 260
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 260
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 261
          Movement
        3. Page 266
          Hand and Finger Skills
        4. Page 267
          Language Development
        5. Page 270
          Cognitive Development
        6. Page 272
          Brain Development
        7. Page 274
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 280
        Basic Care
        1. Page 280
          Feeding
        2. Page 284
          Weaning from Breast to Bottle
        3. Page 285
          Weaning to a Cup
        4. Page 287
          Sleeping
      3. Page 288
        Behavior
        1. Page 288
          Discipline
        2. Page 290
          Siblings
        3. Page 291
          Grandparents
      4. Page 292
        Immunization Update
      5. Page 293
        Safety Check
        1. Page 293
          Car Safety Seats
        2. Page 293
          Falls
        3. Page 294
          Burns
        4. Page 294
          Drowning
        5. Page 294
          Poisoning and Choking
    10. Page 295
      10. Your One-Year-Old
      1. Page 296
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 296
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 297
          Movement
        3. Page 299
          Hand and Finger Skills
        4. Page 300
          Language Development
        5. Page 302
          Cognitive Development
        6. Page 304
          Social Development
        7. Page 307
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 309
        Basic Care
        1. Page 309
          Feeding and Nutrition
        2. Page 321
          Getting Ready for Toilet Training
        3. Page 322
          Sleeping
      3. Page 323
        Behavior
        1. Page 323
          Discipline
        2. Page 326
          Coping with Temper Tantrums
        3. Page 330
          Family Relationships
      4. Page 331
        Immunization Update
      5. Page 332
        Safety Check
        1. Page 332
          Sleeping Safety
        2. Page 332
          Toy Safety
        3. Page 334
          Water Safety
        4. Page 334
          Auto Safety
        5. Page 335
          Home Safety
        6. Page 335
          Outdoor Safety
    11. Page 337
      11. Your Two-Year-Old
      1. Page 338
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 338
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 339
          Movement
        3. Page 341
          Hand and Finger Skills
        4. Page 342
          Language Development
        5. Page 343
          Cognitive Development
        6. Page 345
          Social Development
        7. Page 349
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 352
        Basic Care
        1. Page 352
          Feeding and Nutrition
        2. Page 354
          Teething and Dental Hygiene
        3. Page 356
          Toilet Training
        4. Page 359
          Sleeping
        5. Page 364
          Discipline
      3. Page 365
        Family Relationships
        1. Page 365
          A New Baby
        2. Page 367
          Hero Worship
      4. Page 370
        Visit to the Pediatrician
      5. Page 370
        Immunization Update
      6. Page 371
        Safety Check
        1. Page 371
          Falls
        2. Page 371
          Burns
        3. Page 371
          Poisoning
        4. Page 372
          Car Safety
    12. Page 373
      12. Your Three-Year-Old
      1. Page 374
        Growth and Development
        1. Page 374
          Physical Appearance and Growth
        2. Page 375
          Movement
        3. Page 377
          Hand and Finger Skills
        4. Page 379
          Language Development
        5. Page 382
          Cognitive Development
        6. Page 384
          Social Development
        7. Page 387
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 389
        Basic Care
        1. Page 389
          Feeding and Nutrition
        2. Page 390
          Beyond Toilet Training
        3. Page 392
          Bed-Wetting
        4. Page 393
          Sleeping
        5. Page 394
          Discipline
        6. Page 395
          Preparing for School
        7. Page 398
          Traveling with Your Preschooler
      3. Page 399
        Visit to the Pediatrician
      4. Page 400
        Immunization Update
      5. Page 401
        Safety Check
        1. Page 401
          Falls
        2. Page 401
          Burns
        3. Page 401
          Car Safety
        4. Page 402
          Drowning
    13. Page 403
      13. Your Four- and Five-Year-Old
      1. Page 404
        Development
        1. Page 404
          Movement
        2. Page 405
          Hand and Finger Skills
        3. Page 406
          Language Development
        4. Page 409
          Cognitive Development
        5. Page 410
          Social Development
        6. Page 412
          Emotional Development
      2. Page 415
        Basic Care
        1. Page 415
          Healthy Lifestyle
        2. Page 418
          Feeding and Nutrition
        3. Page 421
          Sleeping
        4. Page 424
          Discipline
        5. Page 425
          Preparing for Kindergarten
      3. Page 429
        Visit to the Pediatrician
      4. Page 429
        Safety Check
      5. Page 430
        Traveling with Your Child
    14. Page 435
      14. Early Education and Child Care
      1. Page 436
        What to Look for in a Care Provider: Guidelines for the Toddler and Preschool Child
      2. Page 438
        Choices in Care
        1. Page 439
          In-Home Care/Nanny
        2. Page 442
          Family Child Care
        3. Page 445
          Child Care Centers
      3. Page 447
        Making a Final Selection
      4. Page 452
        Building a Relationship with Your Child’s Care Providers
      5. Page 455
        Resolving Conflicts
      6. Page 456
        What to Do When Your Child Is Sick
      7. Page 458
        Controlling Infectious Diseases
        1. Page 459
          Colds and Flu
        2. Page 459
          Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Parvovirus Infection
        3. Page 460
          Diarrheal Diseases
        4. Page 460
          Eye and Skin Infections
        5. Page 460
          Head Lice
        6. Page 461
          Hepatitis A Virus
        7. Page 461
          Hepatitis B Virus
        8. Page 461
          Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/AIDS
        9. Page 462
          Ringworm
      8. Page 462
        Preventing Injuries and Promoting Car Safety
      9. Page 464
        Care for Children with Special Needs
    15. Page 471
      15. Keeping Your Child Safe
      1. Page 472
        Why Children Get Injured
      2. Page 475
        Safety Inside Your Home
        1. Page 475
          Room to Room
        2. Page 475
          Nursery
        3. Page 479
          Kitchen
        4. Page 480
          Bathroom
        5. Page 481
          Garage and Basement
        6. Page 482
          All Rooms
      3. Page 485
        Baby Equipment
        1. Page 485
          High Chairs
        2. Page 486
          Infant Seats
        3. Page 487
          Playpens
        4. Page 488
          Walkers
        5. Page 488
          Pacifiers
        6. Page 489
          Toy Boxes and Toy Chests
        7. Page 489
          Toys
      4. Page 491
        Safety Outside the Home
        1. Page 491
          Car Safety Seats
        2. Page 492
          Choosing a Car Safety Seat
        3. Page 494
          Types of Car Safety Seats
        4. Page 495
          Installing a Car Safety Seat
        5. Page 497
          Using the Car Safety Seat
        6. Page 499
          Air Bag Safety
        7. Page 501
          Kids Around Cars
        8. Page 502
          Baby Carriers—Backpacks, Front Packs, and Slings
        9. Page 503
          Strollers
        10. Page 504
          Shopping Cart Safety
        11. Page 505
          Bicycles and Tricycles
        12. Page 506
          Playgrounds
        13. Page 508
          Your Backyard
        14. Page 509
          Water Safety
        15. Page 512
          Safety Around Animals
      5. Page 513
        In the Community and Neighborhood
  4. Page 519
    Part 2
    1. Page 521
      16. Abdominal/Gastrointestinal Tract
      1. Page 521
        Abdominal Pain
      2. Page 522
        Abdominal Pain in Infants
      3. Page 523
        Abdominal Pain in Older Children
      4. Page 525
        Appendicitis
      5. Page 526
        Celiac Disease
      6. Page 528
        Constipation
      7. Page 530
        Diarrhea
      8. Page 537
        Food Poisoning and Food Contamination
      9. Page 542
        Hepatitis
      10. Page 545
        Inguinal Hernia
      11. Page 546
        Communicating Hydrocele
      12. Page 547
        Malabsorption
      13. Page 549
        Reye Syndrome
      14. Page 549
        Vomiting
    2. Page 553
      17. Allergies
      1. Page 553
        Asthma
      2. Page 560
        Eczema
      3. Page 562
        Food Allergy
      4. Page 566
        Milk Allergy
      5. Page 567
        Hay Fever/Nasal Allergy
      6. Page 570
        Hives
      7. Page 571
        Insect Bites and Stings
    3. Page 575
      18. Behavior
      1. Page 575
        Anger, Aggression, and Biting
      2. Page 580
        Coping with Disasters and Terrorism
      3. Page 582
        If a Loved One Dies
      4. Page 583
        Hyperactivity and the Distractible Child
      5. Page 587
        Temper Tantrums
      6. Page 591
        Thumb and Finger Sucking
      7. Page 592
        Tics
    4. Page 595
      19. Chest and Lungs
      1. Page 595
        Bronchiolitis
      2. Page 598
        Cough
      3. Page 600
        Croup
      4. Page 602
        Flu/Influenza
      5. Page 605
        Pneumonia
      6. Page 607
        Tuberculosis
      7. Page 609
        Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
    5. Page 613
      20. Chronic Conditions and Diseases
      1. Page 613
        Coping with Chronic (Long-Term) Health Problems
      2. Page 621
        Anemia
      3. Page 623
        Sickle Cell Disease
      4. Page 626
        Cystic Fibrosis
      5. Page 627
        Diabetes Mellitus
      6. Page 630
        HIV Infection and AIDS
    6. Page 635
      21. Developmental Disabilities
      1. Page 636
        Autism Spectrum Disorder
      2. Page 642
        Cerebral Palsy
      3. Page 644
        Associated Problems
      4. Page 646
        Congenital Abnormalities
      5. Page 647
        When Your Child Has a Congenital Disorder
      6. Page 647
        Congenital Conditions
      7. Page 652
        Hearing Loss
      8. Page 656
        Intellectual Disability
    7. Page 659
      22. Ears, Nose, and Throat
      1. Page 659
        Colds/Upper Respiratory Infection
      2. Page 662
        Middle Ear Infections
      3. Page 668
        Sinusitis
      4. Page 669
        Epiglottitis
      5. Page 670
        Herpes Simplex
      6. Page 671
        Nosebleeds
      7. Page 673
        Sore Throat (Strep Throat, Tonsillitis)
      8. Page 675
        Tonsils and Adenoid
      9. Page 677
        Swimmer’s Ear (External Otitis)
      10. Page 680
        Swollen Glands
    8. Page 683
      23. Emergencies
      1. Page 686
        Bites
      2. Page 688
        Burns
      3. Page 691
        Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation
      4. Page 691
        Choking
      5. Page 692
        Cuts and Scrapes
      6. Page 696
        Drowning
      7. Page 697
        Electric Shock
      8. Page 698
        Fingertip Injuries
      9. Page 699
        Fractures/Broken Bones
      10. Page 702
        Head Injury/Concussion
      11. Page 703
        Poisoning
    9. Page 709
      24. Environmental Health
      1. Page 709
        Air Pollution and Secondhand Smoke
      2. Page 711
        Asbestos
      3. Page 712
        Carbon Monoxide
      4. Page 712
        Contaminated Fish
      5. Page 713
        Drinking Water
      6. Page 716
        Lead Poisoning
      7. Page 720
        Pesticides/Herbicides
      8. Page 722
        Radon
    10. Page 723
      25. Eyes
      1. Page 726
        Amblyopia
      2. Page 727
        Cataracts
      3. Page 728
        Eye Infections
      4. Page 728
        Eye Injuries
      5. Page 730
        Eyelid Problems
      6. Page 731
        Glaucoma
      7. Page 732
        Strabismus
      8. Page 733
        Tear (or Lacrimal) Production Problems
      9. Page 734
        Vision Difficulties Requiring Corrective Lenses
    11. Page 737
      26. Family Issues
      1. Page 737
        Adoption
      2. Page 739
        Child Abuse and Neglect
      3. Page 743
        Divorce
      4. Page 748
        Grief Reactions
      5. Page 751
        Sibling Rivalry
      6. Page 754
        Single-Parent Families
      7. Page 756
        Stepfamilies
      8. Page 758
        Multiples
    12. Page 763
      27. Fever
    13. Page 771
      28. Genital and Urinary Systems
      1. Page 771
        Blood in the Urine (Hematuria)
      2. Page 772
        Proteinuria
      3. Page 773
        Circumcision
      4. Page 774
        Hypospadias
      5. Page 774
        Meatal Stenosis
      6. Page 775
        Labial Adhesions
      7. Page 776
        Undescended Testicles (Cryptorchidism)
      8. Page 777
        Urethral Valves
      9. Page 778
        Urinary Tract Infections
      10. Page 780
        Wetting Problems or Enuresis
    14. Page 785
      29. Head, Neck, and Nervous System
      1. Page 785
        Meningitis
      2. Page 788
        Motion Sickness
      3. Page 789
        Mumps
      4. Page 790
        Seizures, Convulsions, and Epilepsy
      5. Page 792
        Head Tilt (Torticollis)
    15. Page 795
      30. Heart
      1. Page 795
        Arrhythmias
      2. Page 797
        Heart Murmur
      3. Page 799
        Hypertension/High Blood Pressure
      4. Page 802
        Kawasaki Disease
    16. Page 805
      31. Immunizations
      1. Page 806
        Important and Safe
      2. Page 808
        What Shots Does Your Child Need?
    17. Page 813
      32. Media
      1. Page 813
        Early Years
      2. Page 814
        Ages Two and Three
      3. Page 816
        Ages Four and Five
      4. Page 817
        Guidelines for Media Use
      5. Page 818
        A Message to Parents
    18. Page 819
      33. Musculoskeletal Problems
      1. Page 819
        Arthritis
      2. Page 823
        Bowlegs and Knock-Knees
      3. Page 824
        Elbow Injuries
      4. Page 825
        Flat Feet/Fallen Arches
      5. Page 826
        Limp
      6. Page 828
        Pigeon Toes (Intoeing)
      7. Page 829
        Sprains
    19. Page 831
      34. Skin
      1. Page 831
        Birthmarks and Hemangiomas
      2. Page 834
        Chickenpox
      3. Page 836
        Cradle Cap and Seborrheic Dermatitis
      4. Page 837
        Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum)
      5. Page 838
        Hair Loss (Alopecia)
      6. Page 839
        Head Lice
      7. Page 841
        Impetigo
      8. Page 841
        Measles
      9. Page 843
        MRSA Infections
      10. Page 844
        Pinworms
      11. Page 845
        Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, and Poison Sumac
      12. Page 846
        Ringworm
      13. Page 847
        Roseola Infantum
      14. Page 848
        Rubella (German Measles)
      15. Page 849
        Scabies
      16. Page 851
        Scarlet Fever
      17. Page 851
        Sunburn
      18. Page 853
        Warts
      19. Page 854
        West Nile Virus
    20. Page 857
      35. Your Child’s Sleep
      1. Page 859
        Getting Sleep in Sync
      2. Page 860
        Sleep Routines and Dealing with Crying
      3. Page 861
        Sharing the Bedtime Routine
      4. Page 861
        Parent Sleep Deprivation
      5. Page 864
        Daytime Nap Evolution
      6. Page 866
        Getting the Most Out of Sleep
      7. Page 869
        Dealing with Other Sleep Concerns
      8. Page 869
        Putting Sleep in Perspective
  5. Page 912
    Appendix
  6. Page 891
    Index

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